Foundation Certificate in Organisational Behaviour

A business analyst is reviewing how a large manufacturing company designs individual jobs. The company has assigned each employee a very narrow, repetitive set of tasks. Under the Organisational Principles topic of the syllabus, this design choice is best described as an example of which concept?

An organisation is deciding whether senior head-office managers should retain authority over all major decisions or push that authority down to regional units. Within the Organisational Principles area, which topic covers the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these two approaches?